![]() ![]() Examples by Schoenberg include Erwartung. In fact, I … believed that now music could renounce motivic features and remain coherent and comprehensible nevertheless". Schoenberg once said that, "intoxicated by the enthusiasm of having freed music from the shackles of tonality, I had thought to find further liberty of expression. Examples include the pre- twelve-tone or early atonal works of Arnold Schoenberg, Anton Webern, Alban Berg, and Alois Hába. Music without subjects/themes, or without recognizable, repeating, and developing subjects/themes, is called 'athematic'. When one of the sections in the exposition of a sonata-form movement consists of several themes or other material, defined by function and (usually) their tonality, rather than by melodic characteristics alone, the term 'theme group' (or 'subject group') is sometimes used. In some compositions, a principal subject is announced and then a second melody, sometimes called a 'countersubject' or 'secondary theme', may occur. ![]() In the exposition of a fugue, the principal theme (usually called the 'subject') is announced successively in each voice – sometimes in a transposed form. Most fugues are monothematic and most pieces in sonata form are polythematic. Music based on a single theme is called 'monothematic', while music based on several themes is called 'polythematic'.
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